# Case study - eReuse: Building reuse circuits for social inclusion Written by Leandro Navarro, Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) and Pangea
**Project / Programme** | eReuse |
**Region / Country** | Spain |
**Website** | [https://www.ereuse.org](https://www.ereuse.org) |
**Circularity** | Social and economic inclusion, refurbished computers, e-waste, innovation in servitised distribution model |
*Designed for:* | *Designed by:* | *Date:* | *Version:* | |||||||
**Economic BMC** | eReuse.org circuits | Leandro@ereuse.org | ||||||||
**Key partners** | **Key activities** | **Value propositions** | **Customer relationships** | **Customer segments** | ||||||
**Network of agents and partners that make circuits work:** Regulators (permission), manufacturers (deployment), government (policy), locations, related initiatives, libraries, schools (education) and universities (research), funders, sponsors | Data cleaning, transport, registration, preparation, allocation, transfer | **Products and services that give value:** Device usage, preparation for reuse, inventory management, traceability, certification, reduction of digital divide | Agreements with volunteers, public admin, professionals, institutional donors, investors, incentives, disincentives, reputation, etc. | **Groups of people or organisations to reach and serve**: Citizens and organisations, manufacturers, recyclers, repairers, governments (as users or donors) | ||||||
**Key resources** | **Channels** | |||||||||
**Tech:** Inventory, tools and services **Human:** Organisations, participants **Financial:** Contributions **Physical:** Storage, warehouse | Word of mouth, web campaigns, mobile app, QR codes, meetings, partner organisations, social events, campaigns | |||||||||
**Cost structure** | **Revenue streams** | |||||||||
**Initial investment:** In facilities and development of software tools and services, operational expenses **Human resources**: Preparation, coordination and support | **Contributions received from each customer segment:** Fees from participants, donations (per device, per service) |
*Designed for:* | *Designed by:* | *Date:* | *Version:* | |||||||
**Environmental life cycle BMC** | eReuse.org circuits | Leandro@ereuse.org | ||||||||
**Supplies and outsourcing** | **Production** | **Functional value** | **End of life** | **Use phase** | ||||||
Refurbishment tools Storage space Transport for devices Supplies: batteries Cleaning products Label printer to tag devices | Repair and replacement of parts 0.5% | 1 operational refurbished computer per person (user) for up to 5 years (device custody model) 1 operational refurbished computer per person (user) for a yearly fee (device servitisation model) | Device returned to an eReuse partner to be refurbished again or recycled if does not have enough performance for a new user | Energy from usage 10 % | ||||||
**Materials** | **Distribution** | |||||||||
New battery 1% Changes in second-hand components 0% New HDD or SSD 10% | Transport (collection from donor) 5% End user takes care of transport of own device 2% | |||||||||
**Environmental impacts** | **Environmental benefits** | |||||||||
7/10 carbon footprint from initial manufacturing cost of new devices 2/10 CO2e from usage (electricity) 1/10 CO2e from final recycling ~0/10 CO2e from refurbishment | CO2e footprint savings from refurbishment and reuse of device CO2e footprint savings from final recycling CO2e footprint accounting per device along complete life span CO2e footprint savings for donor organisations as positive impact |
*Designed for:* | *Designed by:* | *Date:* | *Version:* | |||||||
**Social stakeholder BMC** | eReuse.org circuits | Leandro@ereuse.org | ||||||||
**Local communities** | **Governance** | **Social value** | **Societal culture** | **End user** | ||||||
300,000-500,000 computers for school students (users) Refurbishers in socioeconomic inclusion programmes (social enterprises) Device donors (public and private organisations) Recyclers (non-profit, for-profit) | Commons: \- Federation of social enterprises \- Device donors | Offers social inclusion (sustainable income, jobs) from device refurbishment Improves digital inclusion of citizens Help citizens participate in digital society without contributing to increased environmental impact Feedback/measures of environmental impact savings | Culture of low environmental impact Culture of solidarity among donors and receivers Commitment to circularity Culture of collaboration to manage volumes of devices | Citizens work/learn/interact remotely Reduction of environmental impact (computer use) Reduction of burden (servitisation: computer as a service) | ||||||
**Employees** | **Scale of outreach** | |||||||||
\- Employed by social enterprises | Social bonds between donors, receivers, refurbishers, recyclers Education around circularity | |||||||||
**Social impacts** | **Social benefits** | |||||||||
Volunteers: Responsibility when devices fail Professionals: Issues with scale and diversity of second-hand devices Health and safety Voluntary effort, overhead, contributions not directly accountable | Lower-cost computing Transparency from social impact (jobs created, computing hours delivered to users) Digital sovereignty Sense of community Social inclusion |